Also called Canaiolo Nero, this black grape is cultivated in Italy, but not as widely as in years past. After the 19th century's phylloxera epidemic, Canaiolo vines proved difficult to graft onto healthy rootstock, so it was grown much less. Today there are still pockets of Canaiolo vineyards throughout Tuscany, and it is an allowed ingredient in Chianti - in fact, in the 18th century it was even more crucial to the character of that beloved blend than Sangiovese.